Reverse causation in exercise studies
A 2024 MR study that showed no causative effect of VO2max on longevity attributable to the genetic-causes of VO2max (which are substantial). https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12012764/ This raises the possibility that much of correlations we see of VO2max and other fitness metrics with longevity could be mostly reverse-causal. That is, healthiness causes people to have higher VO2max, and perhaps also to exercise more, whereas poor health causes lower VO2max. Regardless, if VO2max is not causal, it raises real doubts as to whether it should be a target metric for longevity optimization. Please comment.
Advice for Younger Listeners
You talk a lot about health span and living well when you're older. I know you probably don't have many listeners in their 20s and 30s, but I'm in my late 20s and was wondering if you had advice on living well at this stage. Between depression and the state of the world and it makes it feel like I'll never actually make it far enough to take advantage of the advice you give for older people. Or like I'm suffering through doing stuff to make my life better later but not really enjoying my life the way it is now. Is there any advice you might have for living well as a young person in today's society?
Treatment options for spondyloarthritis and IBD
What is the best treatment for a person diagnosed with spondyloarthritis and IBD, having tested positive for the HLA-B27 antigen as well as Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies, but unable to take Sulfasalazine due to side effects affecting the liver? Can improvements in the gut microbiome reverse or suspend the effects of arthritis? What factors should be considered when weighing risk vs. reward with biologic drugs such as Humira?
Micro dosing GLP-1
Can micro dosing a GLP-1 help with adjusting composition to lower body fat? I’m 57, 186lbs, 15% body fat, exercise 6 days a week, 4 are sweat days (high zone 2), 30 min strength training 5 days per week, 185-210 grams protein daily. Read about it in a recent Men’s Health article.
Ketone Ester Clarification
I listened to Peter’s podcast with Dominic D’Agostino who likes a special keto salt (Ketostart) over ketone ester 1,3 Butanediol because the ketone ester could have negative impact on the liver if you take too much. But Dominic also said that some of the ketone esters were formulated differently. I have been experimenting with three different esters and tried to compare them with his cautions. The three products, Ketone-IQ, KetoneAid, and Kenetik all have R-1,3 Butanediol and KetoneAid and Kenetik also have D-BHB. I have tried all of these ketone esters and they raise my ketones above 1 but some taste better than others. I’m trying to determine if all are formulated ok or do any of them have the possible negative liver impacts if taking too many. It’s very confusing to try to sort this out based on the interview and show notes and the ingredients listed on the bottles.
Saturated fat, ApoE4 and ApoB/Lp a
Recent articles came out on how higher saturated fat was protective and it seemed like ApoE4 played a role. But if someone has high lp(a), and is on a statin to reduce overall risk through a preventative focus that includes diet and exercise, how should someone think about this data?
Blood test protocol for TRT patients
When is the best time to do a blood draw for someone on TRT (specifically SC injections)? How might it be different depending on frequency of injections? And how do you interpret the significant biomarkers from this blood draw in the context of when the blood is drawn relative to when the injections are happening?
Diabetes 1.5 LADA
I came across your podcast 2 years ago when I was diagnosed with pre-diabetes. I’m a cyclist and was only a little overweight. Despite doing all the right things, exercise, losing weight, carb restricted diet, I progressed to full diabetes and still couldn’t get my blood sugar under control over the last year while being on 4 diabetes medications. While switching insurance plans a month ago my wife was talking to the insurance broker about my meds etc to make sure they were covered and the insurance broker suggested I might have Diabetes 1.5 LADA (her son had type 1 and she was invoked with diabetes organizations). I had never heard of this before but I fit the profile. I took the GAD65 anti body test and was positive. I started insulin a few days ago and feel much better. It was frustrating that none of my doctors had ever mentioned this as a possibility. I listen to your podcast every week and you talk about diabetes a lot but you’ve never mentioned that there is another form that present like type 2 but is mechanistically more like type1. As a public service it might be worth at least mentioning its existence when also mentioning the more common forms just so listeners are aware of it. Thank you for your consideration.
HRT
Would you recommend a healthy 52 year old who is not experiencing menopause symptoms to go on HRT because of all the benefits such as bone health and cardiovascular. Or would you only recommend to your patients if they are experiencing symptoms. I feel there is much health benefit, but much of the literature says only recommended if you are experiencing symptoms. Thank you for your time. Best, Melinda
Nitric Oxide
I would love it if you did a deep dive into nitric oxide. I did a stem cell injection in my wrist and the Doctor Who performed it had me taking nitric oxide tablets that are like lozenges and dissolving your mouth daily in the morning and the evening. I noticed a couple things, one was at my blood pressure came down. I was kind of prehypertensive. The other thing I noticed is that my athletic performance was significantly better. After noticing the changes, I read a book by Dr. Nathan Bryan. Pre-fascinating.
What to do once you have cancer?
Hi folks. Dr. Attia has done a ton on cancer prevention and there’s now some scattered stuff throughout many interviews and AMAs on things to do if you receive a cancer diagnosis. It might be useful to pull all of that together into a single AMA, sort of a “what would Peter tell a patient or a loved one to do if they recently received a cancer diagnosis”? I realize there are many different types of cancer, and the staging would matter, but you all have managed equally complex topics in past AMAs so I think he could pull it off.
Is the best diet for you influenced by your genes?
See this testing website https://nutrigenomix.com/ "Evidence shows that one-size-fits-all nutrition recommendations are inefficient and often ineffective. Peer-reviewed, published research confirms that DNA-based dietary advice increases motivation and enhances compliance compared to population-based recommendations." If the best nutrition for you isn't one sized fits all is it trial and error to get biomarkers in check/what feels good?