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Does intense exercise cause a high CAC?

My CAC score 3 years ago was 750. A friend mentioned that intense exercise can cause a high CAC so lipid lowering drugs aren’t needed. I don’t believe it.

Lectins

What research is there to shed light on the roll lectins play in our gut health and what foods we should or should not eat, or how we should prepare foods?

Full body MRI

Peter recommends aggressive and early cancer screenings. And for the appropriate patient will order full body MRIs. Over the last several years several companies have made this type of testing more widely available at a cheaper cost (prenuvo, Ezra/Function, etc). However most of these scans are not quite the same as an MRI you’d receive in a hospital, they have larger fields of view, and I believe likely have a much lower sensitivity. Are any of these companies worth it, especially if they are the only option for most people? If not, are there alternatives? How can middle class viewers approach early cancer screening?

Salt sensitivity

My husband has sleep apnea and wears COAP machines regularly. He has hypertension as well and takes BP medication (spartan 25 mg) but his BP is still not within 120/80 hence we are seeking combination therapy/meds. Meantime I have noticed he is super sensitive to salt and BP shoots up by eating out. Why and what should we do?

FOODS you EAT

What actually do you eat, real foods, protein powders, calories, grams of protein? Just a general meal plan we can pattern after. All organic? The basics. Thanks, M. Galt

Longevity Playbook When Chronic Disease Starts Setting In

Generic - “Peter, I’m a 57-year-old South Asian male and I feel I’m entering the phase where chronic disease is beginning to set in, not as a distant possibility but as an active trajectory. From a longevity perspective, what should the playbook be at this stage? How would you prioritise fat loss, glucose control, lipid lowering, sleep, exercise, and cardiovascular screening, and when is it time to move beyond lifestyle alone into a more aggressive prevention strategy?” Specific - “Peter, I’m a 57-year-old South Asian male with a history of previously reversing diabetes through lifestyle, but I now seem to be drifting back toward metabolic dysfunction despite renewed effort. My recent markers show HbA1c around 6.3%, fasting glucose about 104 mg/dL, fasting insulin about 14.8 µU/mL, LDL around 118 mg/dL, triglycerides around 144 mg/dL, hs-CRP around 3.15 mg/L, vitamin D insufficiency, mild TSH elevation, excess body weight, and concern about cardiovascular risk. I’m already working on nutrition, walking, strength work, stress reduction, breathwork, and sleep, but progress is incomplete. In a South Asian male like me, how would you prioritise the next 6–12 months: body composition first, glucose control first, lipid lowering first, sleep repair first, or deeper cardiovascular testing first? And how do you decide when someone has reached the limit of lifestyle-only progress and should escalate to therapies such as GLP-1s, metformin, LDL-lowering treatment, or more aggressive cardiac evaluation?”

Dissonance between ApoB and LDL-P

My blood test show high LDL-P (1834 nmol/L) and ApoB that is much closer to optimal (83 mg/dL). I thought LDL-P and ApoB were basically measuring the same thing, how can there be dissonance between those tests?

DES Daughters, Granddaughters, Sons, Et al

Could you do a review of the current research into the ongoing effects of DES as experienced in the subsequent generations of those born to mothers who had been given DES while pregnant? There are a lot of us, or so it seems.

Vitamin C and Dr. Linus Paulings research.

Are we the only mammals that DON'T produce Vitamin C (except rhesus monkey and fruit bat) and shouldn't we be absolutely supplementing correlative to body weight and stress. 150 lb goat produces 8 grams per day but chase the goat around he field (stress) 11 grams. It's been a long time since I studied this so.... Thank you. M. Galt

Recent American Heart Association dietary guidelines

The recent announcement (3-31-26) cites it is “based on decades of science.” As usual, that “science” is not referenced nor are the studies it is based on referenced. Could this be addressed in a future AMA as the American Heart Association influence on our population is significant and knowing the basis for the “science” is critical for individuals to make good decisions.

peptides

In the longevity space, peptides are becoming more popular. Any thoughts? Especially regarding MOTS-C? Theoretically, would it have the mitochondrial benefit you were hoping for with metformin?

Fat Gripz

I found out that there are special add-ons for barbells, dumbbells, high bar, kettle bells, pretty much anything where a hand needs to grip in order to engage in an activity - Fat Gripz. The hype out there is massive. Peter, could you please decipher this add-on whether it is worth an investment, how it works, how it should be used properly, who it is recommend for, what brands would you recommend, so we don't end up hurting our wrists with poor quality Fat Griptz, would sets/reps need to be adjusted? Thank you!

Exercise for woman over 70 years old

Dr. Attia - I have always exercised - HILT, running, and strength training. I do not have diabetes, NO high blood pressure, nor any other chronic diseases. I attribute a significant portion of my fitness to all the exercise I’ve done since my early twenties. Since turning 70, however, exercise is becoming more painful - meaning, more muscle soreness, especially in the legs; tightness in the hip, and other joint-related pain. I do not want to stop exercising. Is there an exercise you recommend that one can do and be in Zone 2 without it becoming a source of pain? Thank you.

HbA1C Paradox

Can you discuss the HbA1c Paradox (high due to elongated turnover of red blood cells), how prevalent it may be, how to test for it, and how to view a minimally elevated HbA1c (5.7) if all other metobolic metrics appear to be within nominal range.

Bioimpedence Scales

Are the ones with the handle better? You recently said you’ve compared yours to DEXA and it was pretty comparable. Which one do you use?

Calcium supplementation and cardiovascular disease risk

We have been giving calcium supplements to women with osteopenia and osteoporosis as standard of care for years. There are studies that show increased MI risk due transiently high serum calcium from bolus dosing and that the calcium supplementation does not decrease risk of fragility fracture, but there is a lot of noise as well. Can you summarize the state of the data in this area and what we should be telling patients about calcium supplementation?

Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome

Can you do an AMA where you include some info on P.O.T.S.?

Any modifications on your recommendations for type 1 dm

Do you have any modifications on target labs or other metrics for a type 1 diabetic.

Validity/Potential of the cartilage building recent publication

Potential? Researchers have developed a new method for monitoring iron flux — the movement and rate at which cells take in, store, use and release iron — in stem cells known as mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). The system can provide insights within a minute about a cell’s ability to grow cartilage tissue for cartilage repair. The breakthrough offers a promising pathway toward more consistent and efficient manufacturing of high‑quality MSCs for regenerative therapies to treat joint diseases such as osteoarthritis, chronic joint degeneration conditions, and cartilage injuries. The work was led by researchers from the Critical Analytics for Manufacturing Personalized-Medicine (CAMP) group within the Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART), and was supported by the SMART Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) research group, in collaboration with MIT and the National University of Singapore (NUS). A paper describing the work, “Cellular iron flux measurement by micromagnetic resonance relaxometry as a critical quality attribute of mesenchymal stromal cells,” was published in February in the journal Stem Cells Translational Medicine.

Validity, Poetenual

Potential of this finding re: mending cartilage, especially re: RA. TY. ——- pathway toward improved manufacturing of high‑quality cells for regenerative therapies to treat joint diseases. Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology Publication Date: march 19 Researchers have developed a new method for monitoring iron flux — the movement and rate at which cells take in, store, use and release iron — in stem cells known as mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). The system can provide insights within a minute about a cell’s ability to grow cartilage tissue for cartilage repair. The breakthrough offers a promising pathway toward more consistent and efficient manufacturing of high‑quality MSCs for regenerative therapies to treat joint diseases such as osteoarthritis, chronic joint degeneration conditions, and cartilage injuries. The work was led by researchers from the Critical Analytics for Manufacturing Personalized-Medicine (CAMP) group within the Singapore-MIT Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART), and was supported by the SMART Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) research group, in collaboration with MIT and the National University of Singapore (NUS). A paper describing the work, “Cellular iron flux measurement by micromagnetic resonance relaxometry as a critical quality attribute of mesenchymal stromal cells,” was published in February in the journal Stem Cells Translational Medicine.

Type 1 diabetes

What target a1c would you have for someone with type 1 diabetes, and how do you balance hypoglycemia concerns with achieving that target. Thanks

Frustrated with VO2 Max Are there alternatives?

I am 66 years old and have a high fitness level. I work out 6 days a week with a combination of heavy weights, Step Training, BOSU workouts and HIIT. But my VO2 Max is terrible. 22.7 But other metrics are stellar. Heart rate recovery after a hard push is 30 BPM in one minute. I feel great even after intense workouts. And a 16 inch step is very doable for me so I know I'm in great physical shape. But because VO2 Max is calculated by distance, my efforts are ignored because I'm not moving away from my location. Is there a way to beat the system on this? Is there another metric I can use to get an accurate reflection of my fitness level? (Other than paying $200 to get hooked up to a machine measuring my breathing)

More Zone 2 Clarification

You recently said on your March 9 AMA that you had not clearly communicated your thoughts on Zone 2 training and gave an example of someone who spends 2 hours a week doing cardio and 2 hours a week doing weight training. You said that person should not really do any Zone 2 training. You then broke down the 2 hours a week of cardio into two 45 minute sessions in zone 3-4 and one 30 minute session in HIT. Could you flush out those thoughts a bit more and take a person who does 3 or 4 hours of cardio a week. What should their zone trainings look like?

biomarker p-tau217

UC San Diego Researchers released a study that a p-tau217 blood test can predict dementia risk in women as much as 25 years before symptoms begin. This is great news, but how can this information be used for prevention rather than just being scared of the result?

testosterone in women

would be great to have an episode on testosterone that doesn't talk about men at all - so many podcasts on testosterone talk about women as an afterthought. I'm particularly interested in what are optimal levels, is that different over time, when to consider supplementation with DHEA or testosterone directly. what are the effects on bone, muscle, sleep, energy.

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