Restoring Pancreatic B cell function ?
Greetings In type 2 DM, pancreatic B cells have been damaged and lost. For type 2 DM, following a KETO diet lowers blood glucose levels. Does this allow recovery of pancreatic B cell function, or is it just a compensation for damaged B cell function/ population which does not allow B cell recovery ? Thanks
How does glycogen flux throughout the day with exercise and calorie intake considerations?
I am trying to understand our bodies' fuel partitioning systems and how they relate to consumption and exercise. As a distance runner and an avid podcast listener, I have basic understanding from a performance perspective regarding glycogen depletion. I understand we have roughly 2,000 calories that can be stored in our muscles in the form of glycogen and roughly another 500 calories in our liver. I understand that with increased exercise intensity comes greater fuel partitioning towards glucose/glycogen use. I understand that zone 2 training maximizes efficiency of the body's ability to use fat as fuel for exercise. What I don't understand is how our glycogen stores flux (to use your fat "flux" terminology) especially in the context of a caloric maintenance or deficit diets. I eat to maintain plus a little extra and track this through borderline obsessive food weighing/logging as well as morning scale confirmations. I do this so as not to underfuel my running nor my weightlifting. All this to ask the question, how in the world is my body able to refill glycogen stores when I run six days a week, lift two days a week and eat to maintenance? If all my daily calories are used to live and exercise what is left to refill glycogen storage for the next day's run? Does our body fill the glycogen storage first via insulin induced movement of blood glucose into the muscle tissue and then our body uses fat storage to offset the calories lost to glycogen storage? I am curious how our bodies use and store energy from meal to meal and run to run vs day to day. If muscle glycogen gets first dibs on carbohydrate, could constant partial depletion of glycogen stores from daily exercise be a "buffer" that keeps you from gaining fat because anytime you have a surplus day those surplus calories are just getting absorbed as glycogen into muscle tissue? Another way to ask this... do you not store surplus calories as fat unless you have topped off your short term glycogen energy stores? Sorry for the long question but I very often find myself pondering this and have never heard anyone explain this. I hope you or one of your podcast guests knows the answer to this. If not, I believe it would be a very interesting experiment to monitor glycogen stores under calorie deficit, maintenance and surplus diets. Thank you,
Blood pressure and thiazides
On one of your podcasts I believe you discussed always checking a uric acid for hypertension. Whereas, you would treat to a certain threshold before "treating" blood pressure. This immediately reminded me of a mnemonic from med school that thiazides cause hyper GLUC. As in elevated Glucose, Lipids, uric acid and Calcium. I just found that very interesting that one of the common anti-hypertensives we use would elevate what you may be targeting first in uric acid. Any thoughts?